Chromium

Potential toxicity from hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) forms, occupational inhalation toxicity, contamination risk if Cr6+ present, ingestion toxicity possible only with contaminated forms

Silicon dioxide

Minor inhalation risk in powder form, generally low toxicity

Cellulose

Prevents clumping, improves flow properties of powders

Molybdenum

Essential cofactor for enzymes, supports metabolic processes, antioxidant functions

Garlic

Contains bioactive sulfur compounds with antioxidant properties, may support cardiovascular health and microbial balance

Grape seed extract

Antioxidant activity, supports cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory effects, may improve vascular function

Lutein

Provides yellow to orange coloration, antioxidant properties documented in dietary context

Rice Flour

Gluten-free alternative, source of carbohydrates

Organic Hawthorn Berries

Source of antioxidants, used traditionally for cardiovascular support

Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3)

Supports energy metabolism, essential for cellular repair, may reduce risk of pellagra, supports skin health

Echinacea Extract

May enhance immune function, potential reduction in the duration of colds, anti-inflammatory effects

Calcium

Supports bone strength, muscle function, nerve signaling, vascular health

Magnesium

Supports muscle and nerve function, contributes to bone health, involved in enzymatic reactions

Manganese

Supports antioxidant enzyme function, bone development, and metabolism

Zinc

Supports immune system, wound healing, enzyme function, and growth

Copper

Essential trace mineral, supports enzymatic functions, iron metabolism, connective tissue formation, and neurological health

Selenium

Supports antioxidant enzymes, thyroid function, immune system support

Green Tea Extract

Antioxidant properties, may support skin health and reduce oxidative stress

Biotin

Supports energy metabolism, coenzyme for key metabolic pathways

Vitamin C

Antioxidant properties, supports immune function, essential nutrient

Vitamin D

Supports bone mineralization, calcium homeostasis, immune function

Vitamin E

Antioxidant properties, supports cellular protection from oxidative stress

Lycopene

Antioxidant activity, may contribute to reduced oxidative damage

Magnesium Stearate

Improves powder flow, prevents ingredient clumping, aids manufacturing consistency

Saw Palmetto

Mild improvement in urinary symptoms related to BPH, potential anti-inflammatory effects

Vitamin B6

Supports amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter production, immune system function

Vitamin B2

Supports energy production, antioxidant function, and normal metabolism

Vitamin B1

Supports energy metabolism, nervous system function, and carbohydrate metabolism

Vitamin B12

Supports hematopoiesis, neurological health, and DNA synthesis

Folate

Supports DNA synthesis, fetal development, red blood cell formation

Vitamin A

Supports vision, immune response, skin health, and cellular differentiation

Spirulina

Source of nutrients including protein, vitamins, antioxidants, may support nutritional supplementation

Stinging Nettle Extract

Anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce symptoms of allergic rhinitis, supports urinary tract health, mild diuretic effects

Bilberry fruit extract

Antioxidant activity, supports eye health, may improve vascular function, anti-inflammatory effects

DL-Panthenol (Vitamin B5)

Supports energy metabolism, promotes healthy skin and hair, aids wound healing, involved in synthesis of coenzyme A

Cinnamon Extract (Cinnamomum verum bark)

Antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effects, may help regulate blood glucose levels, supports cardiovascular health

Ribes Nigrum (Black Currant) Fruit Extract

High antioxidant content, supports immune function, anti-inflammatory properties, potential cardiovascular and eye health benefits

Beta Glucan

Pomegranate Fruit Extract