Pepperoni

Processed meat carcinogenicity, high sodium, saturated fat, nitrite preservatives

Vegetable Oil

High omega-6, oxidative instability, ingestion toxicity at high intake, processing intensity, possible contamination with pesticides or solvents depending on source and refining

Soy Lecithin

Hexane solvent residues from extraction, potential endocrine disruption due to isoflavones, allergenicity for soy-sensitive individuals

Palm Oil

High saturated fat content, associated with cardiovascular risk if consumed in excess, concerns about oxidative instability

Natural flavor

Potential irritant and sensitizer, lack of transparency, possible residual solvents or contaminants, ultra-processed nature

Soy Sauce (Hydrolyzed Soy and Corn Protein)

High sodium content (can contribute to hypertension if excessive), possible trace 3-MCPD (carcinogen) in poorly manufactured hydrolyzed proteins, allergenicity (soy, corn), contains glutamates that may cause sensitivity

Sugar

Provides quick energy, enhances flavor

Salt

Essential electrolyte, supports nerve transmission, aids fluid balance

Sea salt

Essential electrolyte, supports nerve transmission, aids fluid balance

Enriched Flour

Provides essential vitamins and minerals, improved nutrient profile compared to unenriched refined flour

Modified Food Starch

Improves texture, stability, and shelf life in food products

Spice

Flavor enhancement, potential mild antimicrobial properties

Maltodextrin

Provides rapid energy source, improves texture and stability in processed foods

Dried Garlic

Flavor enhancement, contains sulfur compounds with antioxidant properties

Paprika

Flavor enhancement, source of carotenoids and antioxidants

Dried Onion

Flavor enhancement, source of dietary fiber and antioxidants

Tomatoes

Source of vitamin C, potassium, dietary fiber, antioxidants including lycopene, contributes to nutritional value

Low-Moisture Part-Skim Mozzarella Cheese

Source of protein, calcium, and other essential nutrients

Water

Essential for hydration, solvent for food ingredients

Yeast

Fermentation agent, enhances flavor and texture; source of B vitamins and proteins

Dough Conditioners